Agronomic performance of the cowpea under different irrigation depths and row spacing

ABSTRACT The cowpea is of great socioeconomic importance in the North, Northeast and Mid-West of Brazil, and its irrigated farming has recently been on the increase in these regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of the cowpea 'BRS Tumucumaque' for different row spacings and irrigation depths, under the conditions of soil and climate of Teresina, in the State of Piauí. The experiment was carried out from August to November 2014, in a Yellow Argisol at the Experimental Area of Embrapa Meio-Norte in Teresina. The experimental design was of randomised blocks in subdivided lots, with four replications. The treatments consisted of five irrigation depths (40% ETo, 70% ETo, 100% ETo, 130% ETo and 160% ETo) in the main plot, and four spacings between rows (0.36 m, 0.45 m, 0.60 m and 0.90 m) in the sub-lots. Leaf area index, pod length, number of grains per pod, number of pods per plant and grain productivity were evaluated. There was significant interaction (. <0.01) between irrigation depth and row spacing for grain productivity only. There was a significant increasing linear effect (. <0.01) from irrigation depth on pod length, number of pods per plant and number of grains per pod. The larger irrigation depths at the smaller row spacings give the greatest grain productivity. With leaf area index, there was a significant effect from irrigation depth and row spacing for the periods under evaluation.