Modified MZC is safe in vitro.

A) Caco-2 cell monolayer integrity. TEER was measured in differentiated Caco-2 cell monolayers after treatment with 1∶10 diluted formulations for 0-6 h. Means ± SD are shown from two independent experiments performed in triplicate. B) Lactobacilli in vitro viability. MZC toxicity was measured by treating L. jensenii (empty bars) and L. crispatus (filled bars) with 1∶10 diluted MZC vs. P/S for 30 min. The number of colonies (mean ± SD from three independent experiments) relative to saline 7.5% FBS, is shown as a percent. C) C. albicans in vitro viability. MZC toxicity was measured by incubating C. albicans yeasts with 1∶10 diluted MZC vs. Amph.B for 2 h. Left axis (filled bars) represents the numbers of colonies counted for each condition and expressed as % colonies relative to the Sabouraud dextrose broth (SB) control (set as 100%). Right axis (empty bars) is the number of viable yeasts counted and shown as the percentage relative to the SB-treated controls. Means ± SD of 5 independent experiments are summarized.