Fos+ and GAD67 mRNA+ neurons in the vlPAG/DpMe region and the SLD after paradoxical sleep deprivation and hypersomnia.
A,C: Low power photomicrographs showing frontal sections double-labeled for Fos and GAD67 at the level of the vlPAG/dDpMe region in PSD (A) and PSR (C) animals. B, D: Enlargements showing several Fos+/GAD+ neurons (arrows) characterized by a blue diffuse cytoplasmic staining and a brown nuclear staining in the lateral and the medial parts of the vlPAG/dDpMe region in PSD (B) and PSR (D) animals, respectively. E: Low power photomicrograph showing a frontal section double-labeled for Fos and GAD67 at the pontine level in a PSR animal. F: Enlargement of E showing the presence in the SLD of a large number of Fos+ and GAD negative labeled cells characterized by a brown nuclear staining. Scale bars: 500 µm for A, C and E; 25 µm for B, D and F. Abbreviations: 3, oculomotor nucleus; Aq, Sylvius aqueduct; dDpMe, dorsal part of the deep mesencephalic nucleus; DpMe, deep mesencephalic nucleus; DRN, dorsal raphe nucleus; DTg, dorsal tegmental nucleus; LDTg, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus; me5, mesencephalic trigeminal tract; mlf, medial longitudinal fasciculus; PnC, pontine reticular nucleus, caudal part; SLD, sublaterodorsal nucleus; vlPAG, ventrolateral periaqueductal gray.