%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%
% This is file `tLCT2e.cls'
%%
% Version : 2.1
%%
% tLCT - Liquid Crystals
%%
% This file is part of the LaTeX2e system.
%%
% Suitcase: CMR family
%%
% History of Changes:
% v1.0 - First released 2008/01/04 incorporating the following provisions:
% 1. Style 3 (2008) with Refs Style P (without article titles)
% 2. Provision for subject classification after the Keywords using \classcode,
%    e.g. "AMS Subject Classification: F1.1; F4.3"
% 3. Inclusion of \jvol{} \jnum{} \jyear{} \jmonth{} optional (defaults to 'Vol. 00, No. 00, Month 20XX')
% 4. Inclusion of \received optional (defaults to 'Received 00 Month 20XX; final version received 00 Month 20XX')
% 5. Upright lc Greek, etc. available
% 6. First page footnote available for tLCT articles for corresponding author email, etc.
% 7. Abstract, keywords and classcodes indented left and right.
% 8. Page width 32.65pc
% 9. Provision for \articletype above \title (e.g. ORIGINAL ARTICLE, RESEARCH ARTICLE, EDITORIAL,
%    BOOK REVIEW, BRIEF COMMUNICATION)
% v2.0 - First released 2013/04/19:
% 1. Standard Style 3 with NLM reference style
% 2. Page width 38pc
% v2.1 - First released 2013/09/18:
% 1. Page width 39pc
% 2. Footnote numbering amended to match journal style
%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesClass{tLCT2e}[2013/09/18 v2.1 Liquid Crystals LaTeX2e document class]
\newif\if@restonecol
\@twosidetrue\@mparswitchtrue
\@twocolumnfalse
%
\def\jobtag{Liquid Crystals}
\newdimen\draftrule
\draftrule=0pt
\newif\ifdraft
\draftfalse
\newif\ifprinter
\newif\ifappendix\appendixfalse
%
\newdimen\trimrule
\trimrule=.1pt
%
\newdimen\draftrule
\draftrule=0pt
%
\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}\draftrule0.1pt\global\drafttrue}
\DeclareOption{printer}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}\trimrule0pt\global\printertrue}
\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
  \AtEndOfPackage{%
   \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
      \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
      \itemindent -\bibindent
      \listparindent \itemindent
      \parsep \z@
      }%
   \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
}
\ExecuteOptions{legalpaper,onecolumn,final}
\ProcessOptions
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Boxes & Dimensions %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\newdimen\trimheight
\newdimen\trimwidth
\newdimen\typeheight
\newdimen\typewidth
\newdimen\normaltextheight
\newdimen\blindfoliodrop
\newdimen\tempdimen
\newdimen\rhdraftruleheight
\rhdraftruleheight\draftrule
%
\newbox\tempbox
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% End Boxes & Dimensions %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Fonts %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\def\editedfont{\normalfont\fontsize{11}{12}\selectfont\itshape\raggedright\leftskip1pc\rightskip5pc plus 1fill{}}%
\def\abstractfont{\normalfont\fontsize{9}{10}\selectfont\leftskip2pc\rightskip2pc}%
\def\authorfont{\normalfont\fontsize{10}{13}\selectfont\raggedright}%
\def\affilfont{\normalfont\fontsize{9}{10}\selectfont\raggedright}%\itshape
\def\receivedfont{\normalfont\fontsize{8}{12}\selectfont\raggedright\itshape}%
\def\bibliofont{\fontsize{10}{12}\selectfont}%
\def\dropfoliofont{\fontsize{8}{10}\selectfont}%
\def\extractfont{\fontsize{10}{12}\selectfont\leftskip12pt\rightskip12pt}%
\def\figcaptionfont{\fontsize{8}{10}\selectfont}%
\def\fignumfont{\fontsize{8}{10}\selectfont}%
\let\foliofont\dropfoliofont
\def\indexfont{\normalfont\fontsize{9}{12}\selectfont\raggedright}%
\def\keywordfont{\normalfont\fontsize{9}{10}\selectfont\leftskip2pc\rightskip2pc plus1fill}%
\def\listfont{}%
\def\rhfont{\fontsize{8}{12}\selectfont\itshape}%
\def\rffont{\fontsize{8}{10}\selectfont\itshape}%
\def\sectionfont{\fontsize{11}{13}\selectfont\bfseries\raggedright\boldmath}%
\def\subsectionfont{\fontsize{11}{13}\selectfont\bfseries\itshape\raggedright\boldmath}%
\def\subsubsectionfont{\fontsize{11}{13}\selectfont\itshape\raggedright}%
\def\paragraphfont{\fontsize{11}{13}{\selectfont\itshape}}%
\def\subparagraphfont{\fontsize{11}{13}\selectfont\itshape}%
\def\tablefont{\fontsize{8}{9}\selectfont}%
\def\tablecaptionfont{\fontsize{8}{10}\selectfont\leftskip\tabledim\rightskip\tabledim}%
\def\tablenumfont{\fontsize{8}{10}\selectfont}%
\def\tabnotefont{\fontsize{8}{9}\selectfont}%
\def\articletypefont{\fontsize{13}{16}\selectfont\bfseries\raggedright\uppercase}%
\def\titlefont{\fontsize{13}{16}\selectfont\bfseries\raggedright}%
\def\thanksfont{\fontsize{8}{10}\selectfont}%
\def\sluglinefont{\fontsize{6}{8}\selectfont}%
%
\def\@xpt{10}
\def\@xipt{11}
\def\@xiiipt{13}
\def\@xivpt{14}
\def\@xvipt{16}
\def\@xviiipt{18}
%
\renewcommand\normalsize{%
   \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xipt\@xiiipt
   \abovedisplayskip 13\p@ \@plus2\p@ minus.5pt
   \abovedisplayshortskip \abovedisplayskip
   \belowdisplayskip 13\p@ \@plus2\p@ minus.5pt
   \belowdisplayshortskip\belowdisplayskip
   \let\@listi\@listI}
\normalsize
%
\newcommand\small{%
   \@setfontsize\small\@xpt{11}%
   \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@
   \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
   \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@
   \def\@list1{\leftmargin\leftmargin1
               \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@
               \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@
               \itemsep \parsep}%
   \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip\setSmallDelims}
%
\def\setSmallDelims{%
\def\big##1{{\hbox{$\left##1\vbox to7.5\p@{}\right.\n@space$}}}%
\def\Big##1{{\hbox{$\left##1\vbox to10.5\p@{}\right.\n@space$}}}%
\def\bigg##1{{\hbox{$\left##1\vbox to13.5\p@{}\right.\n@space$}}}%
\def\Bigg##1{{\hbox{$\left##1\vbox to16.5\p@{}\right.\n@space$}}}%
\def\biggg##1{{\hbox{$\left##1\vbox to19.5\p@{}\right.\n@space$}}}%
\def\Biggg##1{{\hbox{$\left##1\vbox to22.5\p@{}\right.\n@space$}}}%
}
%
\newcommand\footnotesize{%
   \@setfontsize\footnotesize\@viiipt{10}%
   \abovedisplayskip 6\p@ \@plus2\p@
   \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus\p@
   \belowdisplayshortskip 3\p@ \@plus\p@
   \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
               \topsep 6\p@ \@plus\p@
               \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@
               \itemsep \parsep}%
   \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip\setFootnotesizeDelims
   }
%
\def\setFootnotesizeDelims{%
\def\big##1{{\hbox{$\left##1\vbox to6.5\p@{}\right.\n@space$}}}%
\def\Big##1{{\hbox{$\left##1\vbox to9.5\p@{}\right.\n@space$}}}%
\def\bigg##1{{\hbox{$\left##1\vbox to12.5\p@{}\right.\n@space$}}}%
\def\Bigg##1{{\hbox{$\left##1\vbox to15.5\p@{}\right.\n@space$}}}%
\def\biggg##1{{\hbox{$\left##1\vbox to18.5\p@{}\right.\n@space$}}}%
\def\Biggg##1{{\hbox{$\left##1\vbox to21.5\p@{}\right.\n@space$}}}%
}
%
\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vipt\@viipt}
\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xipt{13}}%16/19
\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xviipt{18}}%18/18
\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviiipt{22}}
\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Fonts family definitions %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\capsdefault{caps}% All CAPS
\DeclareRobustCommand\capsshape
        {\not@math@alphabet\capsshape\mathrm
         \fontshape\capsdefault\selectfont}
%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Front Matter Fonts %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bi}{\bfseries\itshape}{\bfseries\itshape}
\newcommand{\cal}{\protect\pcal}
\newcommand{\pcal}{\@fontswitch{\relax}{\mathcal}}
\newcommand{\mit}{\protect\pmit}
\newcommand{\pmit}{\@fontswitch{\relax}{\mathnormal}}
%
\renewcommand\rmdefault{cmr}
\newcommand\rmmathdefault{cmr}
%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Front Matter Fonts %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\DeclareFontFamily{OT1}{Clearface}{}
\DeclareFontShape{OT1}{Clearface}{m}{n}{ <-> Clearface-Regular }{}
\DeclareFontShape{OT1}{Clearface}{m}{it}{ <-> Clearface-RegularItalic }{}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Bold Math %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\encodingdefault{OT1}%
\fontencoding{OT1}%
%
\SetSymbolFont{operators}{normal}{\encodingdefault}{\rmdefault}{m}{n}
\SetSymbolFont{letters}{normal}{OML}{\rmmathdefault}{m}{it}
\SetSymbolFont{symbols}{normal}{OMS}{\rmmathdefault}{m}{n}
\SetSymbolFont{largesymbols}{normal}{OMX}{\rmmathdefault}{m}{n}
\SetMathAlphabet{\mathbf}{normal}{\encodingdefault}{\rmdefault}{bx}{n}%
\SetMathAlphabet{\mathsf}{normal}{\encodingdefault}{\sfdefault}{m}{n}%
\SetMathAlphabet{\mathrm}{normal}{\encodingdefault}{\rmdefault}{m}{n}%
\SetMathAlphabet{\mathtt}{normal}{\encodingdefault}{Courier}{m}{n}%
%
\SetSymbolFont{operators}{bold}{OT1}{\rmdefault}{bx}{n}
%\SetSymbolFont{letters}{bold}{OML}{cmmib}{bx}{it}
\SetSymbolFont{symbols}{bold}{OMS}{\rmmathdefault}{bx}{n}
\SetSymbolFont{largesymbols}{bold}{OMX}{\rmmathdefault}{bx}{n}
\SetMathAlphabet{\mathbf}{bold}{\encodingdefault}{\rmdefault}{bx}{n}%
\SetMathAlphabet{\mathsf}{bold}{\encodingdefault}{\sfdefault}{bx}{n}%
\SetMathAlphabet{\mathrm}{bold}{\encodingdefault}{\rmdefault}{bx}{n}%
\SetMathAlphabet{\mathtt}{bold}{\encodingdefault}{Courier}{bx}{n}%
%
\def\boldmath{\mathversion{bold}}
\def\bm#1{\mathchoice
                                        {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}%
          {\mbox{\boldmath$#1$}}%
          {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}%
          {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}
%
% define blackboard font if needed
\def\bb#1{\mathchoice
                                        {\mbox{\fontfamily{ams}\fontsize{\tf@size}{\tf@size}\selectfont\bf#1}}%
                                        {\mbox{\fontfamily{ams}\fontsize{\tf@size}{\tf@size}\selectfont\bf#1}}%
                                        {\mbox{\fontfamily{ams}\fontsize{\sf@size}{\sf@size}\selectfont\bf#1}}%
                                        {\mbox{\fontfamily{ams}\fontsize{\ssf@size}{\ssf@size}\selectfont\bf#1}}}
%
\DeclareMathAlphabet{\mathbb}{OT1}{ams}{bx}{n}
\SetMathAlphabet\mathbb{normal}{OT1}{ams}{bx}{n}
\SetMathAlphabet\mathbb{bold}{OT1}{ams}{bx}{n}
\def\bb{\mathbb}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% Macro for changing \mathversion's
\providecommand{\mathch}[2]{% Derived from AMSBSY.STY
  \begingroup
  \let\@nomath\@gobble \mathversion{#1}%
  \math@atom{#2}{%
  \mathchoice%
    {\hbox{$\m@th\displaystyle#2$}}%
    {\hbox{$\m@th\textstyle#2$}}%
    {\hbox{$\m@th\scriptstyle#2$}}%
    {\hbox{$\m@th\scriptscriptstyle#2$}}}%
  \endgroup}
%
% The following changes encoding from U to OML
% This allows to use eurm/b as (more or less) a math italic font.
%
\DeclareFontFamily{OML}{eur}{\skewchar\font'177}
\DeclareFontShape{OML}{eur}{m}{n}{
  <5> <6> <7> <8> <9> gen * eurm
  <10> <10.95> <12> <14.4> <17.28> <20.74> <24.88> eurm10
  }{}
\DeclareFontShape{OML}{eur}{b}{n}{
  <5> <6> <7> <8> <9> gen * eurb
  <10> <10.95> <12> <14.4> <17.28> <20.74> <24.88> eurb10
  }{}
%
\DeclareMathVersion{upright}
\DeclareMathVersion{boldupright}
\SetSymbolFont{letters}{upright}    {OML}{eur}{m}{n}
\SetSymbolFont{letters}{boldupright}{OML}{eur}{b}{n}
\DeclareRobustCommand{\mathup}[1]{\mathch{upright}{#1}}
\DeclareRobustCommand{\mathbup}[1]{\mathch{boldupright}{#1}}

% lower-case Greek
\newcommand\ualpha{\mathup{\alpha}}
\newcommand\ubeta{\mathup{\beta}}
\newcommand\ugamma{\mathup{\gamma}}
\newcommand\udelta{\mathup{\delta}}
\newcommand\uepsilon{\mathup{\epsilon}}
\newcommand\uzeta{\mathup{\zeta}}
\newcommand\ueta{\mathup{\eta}}
\newcommand\utheta{\mathup{\theta}}
\newcommand\uiota{\mathup{\iota}}
\newcommand\ukappa{\mathup{\kappa}}
\newcommand\ulambda{\mathup{\lambda}}
\newcommand\umu{\mathup{\mu}}
\newcommand\unu{\mathup{\nu}}
\newcommand\uxi{\mathup{\xi}}
\newcommand\upi{\mathup{\pi}}
\newcommand\urho{\mathup{\rho}}
\newcommand\usigma{\mathup{\sigma}}
\newcommand\utau{\mathup{\tau}}
\newcommand\uupsilon{\mathup{\upsilon}}
\newcommand\uphi{\mathup{\phi}}
\newcommand\uchi{\mathup{\chi}}
\newcommand\upsi{\mathup{\psi}}
\newcommand\uomega{\mathup{\omega}}
\newcommand\uvarepsilon{\mathup{\varepsilon}}
\newcommand\uvartheta{\mathup{\vartheta}}
\newcommand\uvarpi{\mathup{\varpi}}
\let\uvarrho\varrho % don't exist in eurm.
\let\uvarsigma\varsigma
\newcommand\uvarphi{\mathup{\varphi}}
\newcommand\ubalpha{\mathbup{\alpha}}
\newcommand\ubbeta{\mathbup{\beta}}
\newcommand\ubgamma{\mathbup{\gamma}}
\newcommand\ubdelta{\mathbup{\delta}}
\newcommand\ubepsilon{\mathbup{\epsilon}}
\newcommand\ubzeta{\mathbup{\zeta}}
\newcommand\uboldeta{\mathbup{\eta}}
\newcommand\ubtheta{\mathbup{\theta}}
\newcommand\ubiota{\mathbup{\iota}}
\newcommand\ubkappa{\mathbup{\kappa}}
\newcommand\ublambda{\mathbup{\lambda}}
\newcommand\ubmu{\mathbup{\mu}}
\newcommand\ubnu{\mathbup{\nu}}
\newcommand\ubxi{\mathbup{\xi}}
\newcommand\ubpi{\mathbup{\pi}}
\newcommand\ubrho{\mathbup{\rho}}
\newcommand\ubsigma{\mathbup{\sigma}}
\newcommand\ubtau{\mathbup{\tau}}
\newcommand\ubupsilon{\mathbup{\upsilon}}
\newcommand\ubphi{\mathbup{\phi}}
\newcommand\ubchi{\mathbup{\chi}}
\newcommand\ubpsi{\mathbup{\psi}}
\newcommand\ubomega{\mathbup{\omega}}
\newcommand\ubvarepsilon{\mathbup{\varepsilon}}
\newcommand\ubvartheta{\mathbup{\vartheta}}
\newcommand\ubvarpi{\mathbup{\varpi}}
\newcommand\ubvarrho{\boldsymbol{\varrho}} % don't exist in eurb.
\newcommand\ubvarsigma{\boldsymbol{\varsigma}}
\newcommand\ubvarphi{\mathbup{\varphi}}
\newcommand\upartial {\mathup{\partial}}
\newcommand\ubpartial{\mathbup{\partial}}

%%%%End of upright lc Greek etc.
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% End Fonts %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\trimheight10in
\trimwidth8.25in
\typeheight230mm
\typewidth165mm
%\advance\trimheight2pc
%\advance\trimwidth2pc
%
\setlength\parindent{10pt}
\setlength\headheight{5\p@}%8pt size
\setlength\headsep   {19pt}%
\setlength\topskip  {7\p@}
\setlength\footskip{32pt}% 18pt + 2 line space on opening page
\setlength\maxdepth{4\p@}
\setlength\@maxdepth\maxdepth
\setlength\textwidth{\typewidth}
\setlength\textheight\typeheight
\advance\textheight-\headheight
\advance\textheight-\headsep
\setlength\normaltextheight{\textheight}
%\advance\textheight-2pc
%
\setlength\topmargin{.625in}%% 5/8"
\setlength\oddsidemargin{.435in}%% 1"
\evensidemargin\trimwidth
\advance\evensidemargin-\textwidth
\advance\evensidemargin-\oddsidemargin
%
\blindfoliodrop\trimheight
\advance\blindfoliodrop-\typeheight
\advance\blindfoliodrop-\topmargin
\advance\blindfoliodrop1pc
%
\setlength\marginparwidth {18pt}
\setlength\marginparsep{0.5pc}
%\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
\setlength\footnotesep {7pt}%12\p@}% \@plus 5\p@}%
\setlength{\skip\footins}{26\p@ \@plus 8\p@ minus8pt}%
\setlength\floatsep    {13\p@ \@plus 6\p@}
\setlength\textfloatsep{13\p@ \@plus 6\p@}
\setlength\intextsep   {13\p@ \@plus 6\p@}
\setlength\dblfloatsep    {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@}
\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@}
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\setlength\@fpsep{18\p@ \@plus 2fil}
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\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
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\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@}
\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
\renewcommand\baselinestretch{1}
\setlength\parskip{0\p@}
\@lowpenalty   51
\@medpenalty  151
\@highpenalty 301
\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
\@endparpenalty   -\@lowpenalty
\@itempenalty     -\@lowpenalty
%
\setlength\columnsep{12\p@}
%
\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Title commands %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\def\articletype#1{\gdef\@articletype{{#1}}\uppercase}
\def\title#1{\gdef\@title{{#1}}}
\def\author#1{\gdef\@author{#1}}
\def\received#1{\gdef\@received{#1}}
\gdef\@received{Received 00 Month 20XX; final version received 00 Month 20XX}
%
\def\thanks#1{\begingroup
\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks%
  \protect\footnotetext[\the\c@footnote]{\thanksfont#1}}\endgroup}
%
\newcommand\maketitle{\par
        \renewcommand\thefootnote{}%
  \begingroup
    \@maketitle%
    \thispagestyle{plain}%
  \endgroup
  \@thanks
  \let\@maketitle\relax
  \gdef\@thanks{}\gdef\@author{}\gdef\@title{}\gdef\@articletype{}%
        \renewcommand\thefootnote{\arabic{footnote}}%
  \@afterheading}
%
\def\@maketitle{\thispagestyle{plain}
  \clearpage
  \null
  \bgroup
        \parindent0pt
    \vspace*{48pt}
    {\articletypefont{\@articletype}\par}%
    \vskip13pt
    {\titlefont\uppercase{\@title}\par}%
    \vskip13pt
    {\authorfont\@author\par}%
    \vskip6pt
    {\receivedfont{\rm(}\@received{\rm)}\par}%
    \vskip17pt
  \egroup}
%
\def\affil#1{\par\vskip10pt{\affilfont#1\par}\vskip15pt}
%
%%%%%%%%%% abstract
%
\newenvironment{abstract}{%
        \abstractfont
  \noindent\ignorespaces}{%
        \par}\addvspace{32pt}
%
\newenvironment{keywords}{\global\keywordstrue%
        \par\addvspace{11pt}%
  \keywordfont
  \noindent{{\bf{Keywords:}} }\ignorespaces
}{%
        \par\addvspace{26pt plus 4pt}\@afterheading}
%
\newif\ifkeywords
\newenvironment{classcode}{%
        \par\ifkeywords\addvspace{-20pt}\else\addvspace{11pt}\fi%
  \keywordfont
%  \noindent{\itshape AMS Subject Classification{\rm{:}}\ }\ignorespaces
}{%
        \par\addvspace{26pt plus 4pt}\@afterheading}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% End Title commands %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Sectioning commands %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{4}
\newcounter {part}
\newcounter {section}
\newcounter {subsection}[section]
\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
\renewcommand\thepart       {\arabic{part}}
\renewcommand\thesection       {\arabic{section}}
\renewcommand\thesubsection    {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
\renewcommand\thesubsubsection {\thesubsection.\arabic{subsubsection}}
\renewcommand\theparagraph     {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
\renewcommand\thesubparagraph  {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}
%
\newif\ifBhead
\Bheadfalse
\newif\ifChead
\Cheadfalse
\newif\ifDhead
\Dheadfalse
\newif\ifEhead
\Eheadfalse
%
\newcommand\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-26pt \@plus-4pt \@minus-2pt}{13pt}{\sectionfont}}%
\newcommand\subsection{\global\Bheadfalse\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{-24pt \@plus-3pt \@minus-2pt}{7pt}{\subsectionfont}}%
\newcommand\subsubsection{\global\Cheadfalse\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}{18pt \@plus2pt \@minus2pt}{6pt}{\subsubsectionfont}}%
%\newcommand\subsubsection{\global\Cheadfalse\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}{24pt \@plus2pt minus2pt}{-6pt}{\subsubsectionfont}}
%\newcommand\paragraph{\global\Dheadfalse\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}{6pt \@plus2pt minus2pt}{-6pt}{\paragraphfont}}
\newcommand\paragraph{\global\Dheadfalse\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}{18pt \@plus1pt \@minus1pt}{-6pt}{\paragraphfont}}%
\newcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\parindent}{3.25ex \@plus1ex}{-1em}{\reset@font\normalsize}}%
%
\def\@startsection#1#2#3#4#5#6{%
  \if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi
  \par
  \@tempskipa #4\relax
  \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@
    \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \@afterindentfalse
  \fi
  \if@nobreak
    \ifnum#2=3
      \vskip4pt
    \fi
    \everypar{}%
  \else
    \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace\@tempskipa
  \fi
  \@ifstar
    {\@ssect{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}%
    {\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}}
%
\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
\def\@sseccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\quad}%
\def\@appseccntformat#1{\appendixname\ \csname the#1\endcsname.\ }
\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname.\quad}
\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
     \let\@svsec\@empty\else
     \refstepcounter{#1}%
     \let\@@protect\protect
     \def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}%
     \ifnum#2>\@ne\edef\@svsec{\@sseccntformat{#1}}\else\edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}}\fi%
     \let\protect\@@protect\fi
     \@tempskipa #5\relax
      \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
        \begingroup #6\relax
          \ifnum#2=1
               \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
                         {\interlinepenalty \@M {#8}\par}%
          \else
                \ifnum#2=2
                    \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax{\em\@svsec}}%
                             {\interlinepenalty \@M #8\par}%
                \else
                        \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
                             {\interlinepenalty \@M #8\par}%
                \fi
         \fi
        \endgroup
            \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}
        \addcontentsline
         {toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
                      \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
                    #7}%
       \else%
        \def\@svsechd{#6\hskip #3\relax
                   \em\@svsec #8.\csname #1mark\endcsname
                      {#7}\addcontentsline
                           {toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
                           \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
                                     \fi
                       #7}}\fi
     \@xsect{#5}}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% End Sectioning commands %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Lists %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\newdimen\LabelSep
\LabelSep.5em
\newskip\TopSep
\TopSep 6\p@ %\@plus2\p@% \@minus1\p@
%
\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
            \listparindent\parindent
            \parsep \z@\labelsep\LabelSep
            \topsep\TopSep
            \itemsep0\p@}
%
\let\@listi\@listI
\@listi
%
\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
              \labelwidth\leftmarginii
                    \listparindent\parindent
                    \parsep \z@\labelsep\LabelSep
              \topsep 0pt%6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus1\p@
              \parsep\z@\itemsep\z@}
\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
                    \listparindent\parindent
              \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
              \topsep    0pt
              \parsep    \z@
              \partopsep0pt
              \itemsep0pt}
\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
              \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
              \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listv  {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
              \labelwidth\leftmarginv
              \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
              \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
              \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
%
\setlength\leftmargini  {2.5em}
\leftmargin  \leftmargini
\setlength\leftmarginii  {2.2em}
\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
\setlength\leftmarginiv  {1.7em}
\setlength\leftmarginv  {1em}
\setlength\leftmarginvi {1em}
\setlength  \labelsep  {.5em}
\setlength  \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
\@endparpenalty   -\@lowpenalty
\@itempenalty     -\@lowpenalty
\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
\newcommand\labelenumi{(\theenumi)}
\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
\newcommand\labelenumiii{(\theenumiii)}
\newcommand\labelenumiv{(\theenumiv)}
\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
\newcommand\labelitemi{$\m@th\bullet$}
\newcommand\labelitemii{$\m@th\circ$}
\newcommand\labelitemiii{\normalfont\textendash}
\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\ast$}
%
\newenvironment{description}
               {\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ \itemindent-\leftmargin
                        \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}
               {\endlist}
\newcommand*\descriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep
                                \normalfont\bfseries #1}
%
\newenvironment{quote}{%
        \par\addvspace{13pt plus2pt minus1pt}
  \extractfont\noindent\ignorespaces
}{%
        \par\addvspace{13pt plus2pt minus1pt}
  \@endparenv}
%
\renewenvironment{quote}{%
        \par\addvspace{6pt}\let\itemize\Itemize\let\enditemize\endItemize
  \extractfont\noindent\ignorespaces
}{%
        \par\addvspace{6pt}
  \@endparenv}
%
\let\extract\quote
\let\endextract\endquote
%
\newenvironment{notes}{%
\par\let\listfont\footnotesize%
\begin{enumerate}
}{%
\end{enumerate}}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% End Lists %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Floats %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{4}
\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.9}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{8}
\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.91}
\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{5}
\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.9}
\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.9}
%
\newlength\abovecaptionskip
\newlength\belowcaptionskip
\setlength\abovecaptionskip{7\p@}
\setlength\belowcaptionskip{\z@}
%
\def\FigName{figure}%
%
\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\begingroup
    \@parboxrestore
    \normalsize
    \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
  \endgroup}
%
\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
  \ifx\FigName\@captype
    \vskip5pt
    \setbox\tempbox\hbox{\figcaptionfont{\fignumfont#1}\hskip4pt#2}%
    \ifdim\wd\tempbox>\hsize
            {\figcaptionfont\noindent{\fignumfont#1}\hskip7pt\ignorespaces#2\par}
    \else
            \centerline{\box\tempbox}
    \fi
 \else
    {\tablecaptionfont
    {\tablenumfont#1}\hskip7pt\ignorespaces{#2}\par}%
   \vskip\belowcaptionskip
 \fi}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Figures %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\newcounter{figure}
\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
\def\fps@figure{tbp}
\def\ftype@figure{1}
\def\ext@figure{lof}
\def\fnum@figure{Figure~\thefigure.}%
\newenvironment{figure}
               {\figcaptionfont\@float{figure}}
               {\end@float}
\newenvironment{figure*}
               {\figcaptionfont\@dblfloat{figure}}
               {\end@dblfloat}
%
\def\ArtDir{art/}%
\def\ArtPiece{\@ifnextchar[{\@ArtPiece}{\@ArtPiece[]}}%
\def\@ArtPiece[#1]#2{\def\@tempa{#1}%
                                                                                    \hbox{\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\epsfscale#1\fi
                                            \noindent{\epsfbox{\ArtDir#2}}}}%
%
\newdimen\figheight
\newdimen\figwidth
%
\let\figformat\centerline
%
\def\figurebox#1#2#3#4{%
  \global\figheight#1\global\figwidth#2
  \def\@tempa{#4}%
  \leavevmode
  \ifx\@tempa\empty
    \figformat{\figbox}%
  \else
    \figformat{\ArtPiece[#3]{#4}}%
  \fi\par}
%
\def\figbox{\hbox{\vbox{\hsize\figwidth
                            \hrule
                                  \hbox to\figwidth{\vrule\hss
                                                              \vbox to \figheight{\vfill}%
                                                    \vrule}\hrule}}}%
%
\def\figformat#1{\footnotesize#1}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% End Figures %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Tables %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\newcounter{table}
\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
\def\fps@table{tbp}
\def\ftype@table{2}
\def\ext@table{lot}
\def\fnum@table{Table~\thetable.}%
\newenvironment{table}
               {\@float{table}}
               {\vskip5pt\end@float}
\newenvironment{table*}
               {\@dblfloat{table}}
               {\end@dblfloat}
%
\newdimen\tabledim
%
\long\def\tbl#1#2{%
 \setbox\tempbox\hbox{\tablefont #2}%
 \tabledim\hsize\advance\tabledim by -\wd\tempbox
    \global\divide\tabledim\tw@
 \caption{#1}
    \centerline{\box\tempbox}
  }%
%
\newenvironment{tabnote}{%
\par\vskip5pt\tabnotefont
\@ifnextchar[{\@tabnote}{\@tabnote[]}}{%
\par\vskip-5pt}
\def\@tabnote[#1]{\def\@Tempa{#1}\leftskip\tabledim\rightskip\leftskip%\hspace*{9pt}%
\ifx\@Tempa\@empty\else{\itshape #1:}\ \fi\ignorespaces}
%
\def\Hline{%
  \noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi\hrule \@height 2\arrayrulewidth \futurelet
   \@tempa\@xhline}
%
\def\x{@{\extracolsep{\fill}}}
\def\toprule{\\[-5.5pt]\Hline\\[-3.5pt]}
\def\colrule{\\[-7.5pt]\hline\\[-5pt]}
\def\botrule{\\[-7.7pt]\Hline}
\def\crule#1{\\[-9.5pt]#1\\[-2.5pt]}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% End Tables %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Math %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\def\biggg#1{{\hbox{$\left#1\vbox to20.5\p@{}\right.\n@space$}}}
\def\Biggg#1{{\hbox{$\left#1\vbox to23.5\p@{}\right.\n@space$}}}
%
\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.5\p@}
\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
\renewcommand\theequation{\arabic{equation}}%
%
\def\bstrut{\vrule width0pt depth6pt}
\def\tstrut{\vrule width0pt height10pt}
\jot=6pt
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% End Math %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\def\appendices{\appendix\global\appendixtrue}
\newcommand{\appendix}{%
   \global\appendixtrue
   \let\@seccntformat\@appseccntformat
   \setcounter{equation}{0}\renewcommand\theequation{\thesection\arabic{equation}}%
   \setcounter{section}{0}\renewcommand\thesection       {\Alph{section}}%
   \setcounter{subsection}{0}\renewcommand\thesubsection       {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}%
   \setcounter{table}{0}\renewcommand\thetable{\thesection\@arabic\c@table}%
   \setcounter{figure}{0}\renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection\@arabic\c@figure}%
   \@addtoreset{equation}{section}
   \@addtoreset{table}{section}
   \@addtoreset{figure}{section}
}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Footnotes %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\renewcommand\footnoterule{\kern2pt\hrule width \textwidth height.25pt\kern4pt}%
\renewcommand\thefootnote{\fnsymbol{footnote}}
%
\def\@makefnmark{\hbox{$^{\@thefnmark}\m@th$}}%
\long\def\@makefntext#1{%
    \@makefnmark\ignorespaces#1\par}%
%
\long\def\@makefntext#1{\parindent0pt%
    \leavevmode\@makefnmark\ignorespaces#1\par}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% End Footnotes %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Bibliography %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\newdimen\bibindent
\setlength\bibindent{1.5em}
\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
     {\section*{\refname}%
      \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\refname}{\MakeUppercase\refname}%
      \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
           {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
            \leftmargin\labelwidth
            \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
            \@openbib@code
            \usecounter{enumiv}%
            \let\p@enumiv\@empty
            \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
      \sloppy
      \clubpenalty4000
      \@clubpenalty \clubpenalty
      \widowpenalty4000%
      \sfcode`\.\@m}
     {\def\@noitemerr
       {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
      \endlist}
\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
\let\@openbib@code\@empty
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% End Bibliography %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Page styles %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\mark{{}{}}
%
\def\endpage#1{\gdef\@endpage{#1}}
\endpage{}%
\def\jname#1{\gdef\@jname{#1}}
\jname{Liquid Crystals}
\def\jvol#1{\gdef\@jvol{#1}}
\gdef\@jvol{00}
\def\articletype#1{\gdef\@articletype{#1}}
\gdef\@articletype{RESEARCH ARTICLE}
\def\jnum#1{\gdef\@jnum{#1}}
\gdef\@jnum{00}
\def\jmonth#1{\gdef\@jmonth{#1}}
\gdef\@jmonth{Month}
\def\jyear#1{\gdef\@jyear{#1}}
\gdef\@jyear{20XX}
\def\doi#1{\gdef\@doi{#1}}
\gdef\@doi{}
%
\def\ps@plain{%
     \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
     \let\@oddfoot\@evenfoot
     \def\@oddhead{\hbox to \textwidth{{\small\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}l@{}}
                                                                                     \\ %[14.9pt]
                          {To appear in \itshape \@jname} \\Vol. \@jvol, No. \@jnum,
                          \ifx\@jmonth\empty\else\@jmonth\ \fi\@jyear,  \thepage--\@endpage\\
                          \@doi\\
                          \end{tabular}}%
                          \hfill%
                          }}%
     \let\@evenhead\@oddhead
}
%
\def\markboth#1#2{%
  \begingroup
   \let\label\relax \let\index\relax \let\glossary\relax
    \let\it\rm\let\textit\textup%
    \unrestored@protected@xdef\@themark {{#1}{#2}}%
    \@temptokena \expandafter{\@themark}%
    \mark{\the\@temptokena}%
  \endgroup
  \if@nobreak\ifvmode\nobreak\fi\fi}
%
\def\ps@headings{%
     \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
     \def\@oddhead{\hfil{\rhfont\rightmark}\hfil\llap{\foliofont\thepage}}%
     \def\@evenhead{\rlap{\foliofont\thepage}\hfil{\rhfont\leftmark}\hfil}%
     \let\@mkboth\markboth
     \def\sectionmark##1{}}
%
\def\ps@empty{%
            \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
         \def\@evenhead{}%
         \def\@oddhead{}
         \def\@oddfoot{\hfill\lower\blindfoliodrop\hbox{\thepage}\hfill}
   \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}
%
\def\ps@Empty{%
            \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
         \def\@evenhead{}%
         \def\@oddhead{}
         \def\@oddfoot{\hfill\lower\blindfoliodrop\hbox{\thepage}}
   \def\@evenfoot{\lower\blindfoliodrop\hbox{\thepage}\hfill}
   }
%
% SIDE MARGINS:
\setlength\oddsidemargin{5.5pc}
\setlength\evensidemargin{5.5pc}
\setlength\marginparwidth{4pc}
\setlength\marginparsep{0.5pc}
%
% VERTICAL SPACING:
\setlength\topmargin{\z@}
\setlength{\headheight}{14pt}
\setlength{\headsep}   {15pt}
\setlength{\topskip}   {10pt}
\setlength{\footskip}  {20pt}
%
% DIMENSION OF TEXT:
\setlength\textwidth{39pc}
\setlength\textheight{676pt}
%
%\if@landscape
 %\setlength\textwidth{\textheight}
 %\setlength\textheight{\textwidth}
%\fi
%
\setlength\columnsep{2pc}
\setlength\columnseprule{0pt}
%
% FOOTNOTES:
\setlength\footnotesep{6pt}
\setlength\skip{\footins 19.5pt plus 12pt minus 1pt}
%
% FLOATS:
\setlength\floatsep{ 12pt plus 5.5pt minus 1pt}
\setlength\textfloatsep{ 12pt plus 7.5pt}
\setlength\intextsep{ 12pt plus 5.5pt minus 2pt}
\setlength\dblfloatsep{ 12pt plus 5.5pt minus 2pt }
\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{ 15pt plus 4.5pt minus 3pt}
\setlength\@fptop{ 0pt plus 0fil}
\setlength\@fpsep{ 12pt plus 0fil }
\setlength\@fpbot{ 0pt plus 0fil }
\setlength\@dblfptop{ 0pt plus 0fil}
\setlength\@dblfpsep{ 12pt plus 0fil}
\setlength\@dblfpbot{ 0pt plus 0fil}
\setlength\marginparpush{ 5pt }
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% End Page styles %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Trimmarks %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\newcommand\today{\ifcase\month\or
  January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
  July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
  \space\number\day, \number\year}
%
\ifprinter
  \def\draftnote{}
  \def\floatqtoa{}
  \def\Qauthor#1{}
\else
   \def\draftnote{{\footnotesize\today\qquad\jobtag\qquad\jobname}\hfill}%
   \def\floatqtoa#1{\vbox to 0pt{\vskip-20pt%\hskip\textwidth
   \llap{\vbox{\hsize6pc\bf \footnotesize\raggedright#1}}}\vskip-12pt}%
%
   \def\Qauthor#1{\marginpar{\footnotesize\bf\raggedright #1}}
\fi
   \let\qtoa\Qauthor
%
\newdimen\drafttextwidth
\drafttextwidth\textwidth
%
\setlength\typeheight\textheight
\advance\typeheight\headheight
\advance\typeheight\headsep
%
\setlength\typewidth{\textwidth}
\global\newdimen \trimrule
 \trimrule.1pt
%
\def\trimmarks{%
  \vbox to 0pt{\vskip-17pt
  \draftnote\offinterlineskip
  \parindent0pt
  \leftskip0pt\rightskip0pt}%
%  \ifdraft
%    \vbox to 0pt{\hsize\trimwidth\offinterlineskip
%    \parindent0pt\leftskip0pt\rightskip0pt
%    \vbox to \trimheight{\offinterlineskip\parindent0pt
%    \hbox to \trimwidth{\vbox to 2pc{\vskip-3pc\hbox{\vrule height2pc width\trimrule}}\raisebox{2pc}{\hbox{\hskip-3pc\vrule width2pc height\trimrule}}\hfill
%      \raisebox{2pc}{\vrule width2pc height\trimrule\hskip-3.25pc}
%      \vbox to 2pc{\vskip-3pc\hbox{\vrule height2pc width\trimrule}}%
%    }\vfill
%    \hbox to \trimwidth{\hbox{\hskip-3pc\vrule height\trimrule width2pc}\vbox to 3pc{\vspace*{4pc}\hbox{\hskip1pc\vrule width\trimrule height2pc}}\hfill
%    \vbox to 3pc{\vskip4pc\hbox{\vrule height2pc width\trimrule}}\rlap{\hskip1pc\vrule width2pc height\trimrule}}}}%
%  \else
%   \trimrule.0pt
%    \vbox to 0pt{\hsize\trimwidth\offinterlineskip
%    \parindent0pt\leftskip0pt\rightskip0pt
%    \vbox to \trimheight{\offinterlineskip\parindent0pt
%    \hbox to \trimwidth{\vbox to 2pc{\vskip-3pc\hbox{\vrule height2pc width\trimrule}}\raisebox{2pc}{\hbox{\hskip-3pc\vrule width2pc height\trimrule}}\hfill
%      \raisebox{2pc}{\vrule width2pc height\trimrule\hskip-3.25pc}
%      \vbox to 2pc{\vskip-3pc\hbox{\vrule height2pc width\trimrule}}%
%    }\vfill
%    \hbox to \trimwidth{\hbox{\hskip-3pc\vrule height\trimrule width2pc}\vbox to 3pc{\vspace*{4pc}\hbox{\hskip1pc\vrule width\trimrule height2pc}}\hfill
%    \vbox to 3pc{\vskip4pc\hbox{\vrule height2pc width\trimrule}}\rlap{\hskip1pc\vrule width2pc height\trimrule}}}}%
%  \fi
%
\insidedraftrules}
%
\def\insidedraftrules{%
\vbox to 0pt{%
  \offinterlineskip\parindent0pt
  \vskip \topmargin
  \@tempdima\typeheight
  \moveright\@themargin
      \ifodd\c@page
         \vbox to\@tempdima{\hrule height\draftrule
         \vbox to 0pt{\vskip\headheight\vskip\headsep%\vskip-6pt
                      \noindent\hbox{\vrule height\draftrule width\textwidth}}%26pc
         \hbox to \typewidth{\vrule width\draftrule\hskip\textwidth
           \vrule height\@tempdima width\draftrule\hfill\vrule height\@tempdima width\draftrule}%
           \hrule height\draftrule}%
      \else
         \hbox to \textwidth{\hss\hbox to \typewidth{%
         \vbox to \@tempdima{\hrule height\draftrule
         \vbox to 0pt{\vskip\headheight\vskip\headsep%\vskip-6pt
                \hbox{\vrule height\draftrule width\textwidth}}%
         \hbox to \typewidth{\vrule width\draftrule
         \hfill\vrule height\@tempdima width\draftrule%%\hskip\textwidth\vrule height\@tempdima width\draftrule
}%
         \hrule height\draftrule}}}%
      \fi}}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Version Control %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\def\document{\endgroup
  \ifx\@unusedoptionlist\@empty\else
    \@latex@warning@no@line{Unused global option(s):^^J%
            \@spaces[\@unusedoptionlist]}%
  \fi
  \@colht\textheight
  \@colroom\textheight \vsize\textheight
  \columnwidth\textwidth
  \@clubpenalty\clubpenalty
  \begingroup\@floatplacement\@dblfloatplacement
    \makeatletter\let\@writefile\@gobbletwo
    \global \let \@multiplelabels \relax
    \@input{\jobname.aux}%
  \endgroup
  \if@filesw
    \immediate\openout\@mainaux\jobname.aux
    \immediate\write\@mainaux{\relax}%
  \fi
  \process@table
  \let\glb@currsize\@empty  %% Force math initialization.
  \normalsize
  \everypar{}%
  \ifx\normalsfcodes\@empty
    \ifnum\sfcode`\.=\@m
      \let\normalsfcodes\frenchspacing
    \else
      \let\normalsfcodes\nonfrenchspacing
    \fi
  \fi
  \@noskipsecfalse
  \let \@refundefined \relax
  \let\AtBeginDocument\@firstofone
  \@begindocumenthook
  \ifdim\topskip<1sp\global\topskip 1sp\relax\fi
  \global\@maxdepth\maxdepth
  \global\let\@begindocumenthook\@undefined
  \ifx\@listfiles\@undefined
    \global\let\@filelist\relax
    \global\let\@addtofilelist\@gobble
  \fi
  \gdef\do##1{\global\let ##1\@notprerr}%
  \@preamblecmds
  \global\let \@nodocument \relax
  \ignorespaces}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% End Version Control %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Output Routine %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\newif\ifspreadlong
\spreadlongfalse
\newdimen\varypageheight
\varypageheight0pt
%
\def\spreadlong#1{%
   \global\varypageheight#1
   \ifodd\c@page\else
     \spreadlongtrue\enlargethispage{#1}%
   \fi}%
%
\def\leaflong#1{\enlargethispage{#1}}
%
\def\@outputpage{%
\let\firstmark\botmark
\begingroup           % the \endgroup is put in by \aftergroup
  \let \protect \noexpand
  \@resetactivechars
  \@parboxrestore
  \shipout \vbox{%
    \set@typeset@protect
    \aftergroup \endgroup
    \aftergroup \set@typeset@protect
                                % correct? or just restore by ending
                                % the group?
  \if@specialpage
    \global\@specialpagefalse\@nameuse{ps@\@specialstyle}%
  \fi
  \if@twoside
    \ifodd\count\z@ \let\@thehead\@oddhead \let\@thefoot\@oddfoot
         \let\@themargin\oddsidemargin
    \else \let\@thehead\@evenhead
       \let\@thefoot\@evenfoot \let\@themargin\evensidemargin
    \fi
  \fi
  \reset@font
  \normalsize
  \normalsfcodes
  \let\label\@gobble
  \let\index\@gobble
  \let\glossary\@gobble
  \baselineskip\z@skip \lineskip\z@skip \lineskiplimit\z@
    \@begindvi\trimmarks
    \vskip \topmargin
    \moveright\@themargin \vbox {%
      \setbox\@tempboxa \vbox to\headheight{%
        \vfil
        \color@hbox
          \normalcolor
          \hb@xt@\textwidth{\@thehead}%
        \color@endbox
        }%
      \dp\@tempboxa \z@
      \box\@tempboxa
      \vskip \headsep
      \box\@outputbox
      \baselineskip \footskip
      \color@hbox
        \normalcolor
        \hb@xt@\textwidth{\@thefoot}%
      \color@endbox
      }%
    }%
  \global \@colht \textheight
  %      \endgroup
  \stepcounter{page}%
   \ifspreadlong\enlargethispage{\varypageheight}\global\spreadlongfalse\varypageheight0pt\fi
%  \let\firstmark\botmark
}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% End Output Routine %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\def\gray{\special{color CMYK 0 0 0 0.5}}
\def\@questionmark{\vbox to 0pt{\vskip13pc\hskip-5pc
                  \hbox to \textwidth{\special{color push}\gray\fontsize{570}{570}\selectfont ?
                  \special{color pop}\hss}}}
\def\questionmark#1{\xdef\@questionmark{#1}}%
%
\def\enddocument{%
   \@enddocumenthook
   \@checkend{document}%
        \immediate\write\@mainaux{\string\endpage{\thepage}}
%
   \clearpage
   \begingroup
     \if@filesw
       \immediate\write\@mainaux{\string\questionmark{}}%
       \immediate\closeout\@mainaux
       \let\@setckpt\@gobbletwo
       \let\@newl@bel\@testdef
       \@tempswafalse
       \makeatletter \input\jobname.aux
     \fi
     \@dofilelist
     \ifdim \font@submax >\fontsubfuzz\relax
       \@font@warning{Size substitutions with differences\MessageBreak
                  up to \font@submax\space have occurred.\@gobbletwo}%
     \fi
     \@defaultsubs
     \@refundefined
     \if@filesw
       \ifx \@multiplelabels \relax
         \if@tempswa
           \@latex@warning@no@line{Label(s) may have changed.
               Rerun to get cross-references right}%
         \fi
       \else
         \@multiplelabels
       \fi
     \fi
   \endgroup
%   \gdef\endpage{\thepage}
   \deadcycles\z@\@@end}
%
\def\longpage{\enlargethispage{\baselineskip}}
\def\shortpage{\enlargethispage{-\baselineskip}}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Initialization %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\pagestyle{empty}
\pagenumbering{arabic}
\frenchspacing
\sloppy
\onecolumn
\ifprinter
\voffset-54pt
\hoffset-1in
\else
\voffset-54pt
\hoffset-1in
\fi

\usepackage{amsfonts,amsmath,amssymb,amsbsy,amsthm,epsfig,graphicx,rotating}

\usepackage[numbers,sort&compress]{natbib}
\bibpunct[, ]{[}{]}{,}{n}{,}{,}
\let\bibfont\relax
\def\bibfont{\fontsize{10}{12}\selectfont}

\endinput
