“Natto”
Binder of Poly-γ-glutamate
Enabling to Enhance Silicon/Graphite Composite Electrode Performance
for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Posted on 2017-06-16 - 20:48
Poly-γ-glutamate,
a slimy constituent in a Japanese food, natto, consisting
of fermented soybeans, is studied as the
binder for silicon and graphite (Si/graphite) powder composite electrodes
of lithium-ion batteries. All of the tested water-soluble natural
polymers provide a better mechanical property of Si/graphite composite
electrodes formed on Cu foil compared to conventional binder, poly(vinylidene
fluoride) (PVdF), leading to much improved battery performance. When
lithium poly-γ-glutamate (Li-PGlu) is used as a binder, the
Si/graphite electrode demonstrates a higher reversibility of electrochemical
lithiation. Hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results reveal that
the surface of the silicon and graphite particles is uniformly covered
with a thinner layer of Li-PGlu binder, and such uniform coverage
enhances passivation for the Si/graphite electrode during charge–discharge
cycles, dissimilar to that of PVdF. In Li-PGlu, not only the oxygen
atoms but also the nitrogen atoms of carboxylate and peptide bonds
can act as a Lewis base to coordinate lithium ions. The coordination
at the electrode surface would show a synergy effect on desolvating
the lithium ions to be inserted into Si and graphite across the interface
more efficiently compared to that of polyacrylate and polysaccharides
having no −NH– group. X-ray diffraction and laser microscope
observations clearly confirm that a Li-PGlu cast film is amorphous
and pore-free, whereas a PVdF film is crystalline and porous. The
cycle performance of the Li-PGlu electrode is further improved by
limiting the working voltage below 1.0 V vs Li and introducing FEC
as the electrolyte additive because of improved passivation by the
synergy effect of the binder coating, FEC addition, and potential
limitation.
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Mochizuki, Takahiro; Aoki, Shoko; Horiba, Tatsuo; Schulz-Dobrick, Martin; Han, Zhen-Ji; Fukuyama, Sayuri; et al. (2017). “Natto”
Binder of Poly-γ-glutamate
Enabling to Enhance Silicon/Graphite Composite Electrode Performance
for Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS Publications. Collection. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b01798
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AUTHORS (9)
TM
Takahiro Mochizuki
SA
Shoko Aoki
TH
Tatsuo Horiba
MS
Martin Schulz-Dobrick
ZH
Zhen-Ji Han
SF
Sayuri Fukuyama
HO
Hiroshi Oji
SY
Satoshi Yasuno
SK
Shinichi Komaba