Shallow groundwater salinization of the Niagara Peninsula, Ontario, Canada
Posted on 2018-02-26 - 11:50
Groundwaters with total dissolved solids up to 9.5 g/l occur at depths
of <50 m in the Paleozoic strata of the Niagara Peninsula. Major ions and trace elements
are 1.5–40 times higher than in the same strata elsewhere in Ontario.
The δ18O and δ2H values
(δ18OH2O = -6.9‰
to -15‰; δ2HH2O = -49.4‰ to -105‰) of
groundwater suggest that meteoric precipitation is the primary source with a small portion recharged during
Pleistocene glaciation. Tritium (up to 17.42 TU) and coliform bacteria
(up to 600 counts/100 ml)
data indicate groundwater is generally recently recharged and undergoes a series of modifications
that progressively increase salinity. Elemental concentrations and δ34S of
dissolved sulphate
(δ34SSO4 = +5‰ to +45‰)
indicate that the
salinization is due to multiple processes: (1) road salt inputs into shallow groundwater, (2)
upward flow of basinal brines that mix with meteoric groundwater, (3) gypsum and anhydrite
dissolution, and (4) sulphide oxidation of minor metallic sulphide minerals. Comparison with
water from flowing abandoned gas wells suggests some are acting as conduits allowing upward flow
of deeper (Appalachian Basin) brines. The distribution of brine-impacted wells suggests natural
vertical pathways also contribute to upward transport and mixing of brine.
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Matheson, Edward J.; Hamilton, Stewart M.; Kyser, Kurt (2018). Shallow groundwater salinization of the Niagara Peninsula, Ontario, Canada. Geological Society of London. Collection. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4015465.v1
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AUTHORS (3)
EM
Edward J. Matheson
SH
Stewart M. Hamilton
KK
Kurt Kyser