Low Energy Desalination Using Battery Electrode Deionization
Version 3 2018-09-21, 08:14
Version 2 2017-12-06, 17:18
Version 1 2017-09-21, 18:55
Posted on 2018-09-21 - 08:14
New electrochemical
technologies that use capacitive or battery
electrodes are being developed to minimize energy requirements for
desalinating brackish waters. When a pair of electrodes is charged
in capacitive deionization (CDI) systems, cations bind to the cathode
and anions bind to the anode, but high applied voltages (>1.2 V)
result
in parasitic reactions and irreversible electrode oxidation. In the
battery electrode deionization (BDI) system developed here, two identical
copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF) battery electrodes were used that
release and bind cations, with anion separation occurring via an anion
exchange membrane. The system used an applied voltage of 0.6 V, which
avoided parasitic reactions, achieved high electrode desalination
capacities (up to 100 mg-NaCl/g-electrode, 50 mM NaCl influent), and
consumed less energy than CDI. Simultaneous production of desalinated
and concentrated solutions in two channels avoided a two-cycle approach
needed for CDI. Stacking additional membranes between CuHCF electrodes
(up to three anion and two cation exchange membranes) reduced energy
consumption to only 0.02 kWh/m3 (approximately an order
of magnitude lower than values reported for CDI), for an influent
desalination similar to CDI (25 mM decreased to 17 mM). These results
show that BDI could be effective as a very low energy method for brackish
water desalination.
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Kim, Taeyoung; Gorski, Christopher A.; Logan, Bruce E. (2017). Low Energy Desalination Using Battery Electrode Deionization. ACS Publications. Collection. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.7b00392
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AUTHORS (3)
TK
Taeyoung Kim
CG
Christopher A. Gorski
BL
Bruce E. Logan