Public-Private Partnerships in Education - A Critical Analysis in Relation to Pakistan

<p dir="ltr">This paper provides a critical analysis on Public-Private Partnerships in education, with a specific emphasis on Pakistan in comparison to global practices. It examines the several PPP models, including, Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) schemes, adopt-a-school initiatives, and voucher programs in developed and developing countries. Moreover, reasoning behind PPPs in Pakistan is analyzed within the contextual limitations such as resource constraints, poor infrastructure, weak governance and low enrollment rates. This study further assesses the benefits of PPPs. For instance, increased accountability, and innovation, alongisde the challenges including commercialization, inequity and unsustainability. Comparisons are also drawn with examples from Africa, Sweden, United states, and Singapore, demonstrating the influence of socio-economic and political situations in the outcomes and effectiveness of PPPs. This paper concludes that PPPs models can play a significant role in Pakistan’s education system if it is supported by a strong regulatory body to ensure the transparency, and sustainability.  </p><p dir="ltr">Keywords: Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), Education Policy, Pakistan, Governance, Institutional Reforms      </p>