Designing electromagnetic resonators with quasinormal modes

Micro- and nanoresonators, which enable light trapping in small volumes for extended durations, play a crucial role in modern photonics. The optical response of these resonators is determined by their fundamental resonances, known as quasinormal modes (QNMs). Over the past decade, the electromagnetic theory of QNMs has undergone significant development and has now reached a level of maturity that allows its reliable application to numerous contemporary electromagnetic problems. In this review, we explore recent applications of QNM theory for designing and understanding micro and nanoresonators. We highlight why QNMs provide deep physical insights and enhance computational efficiency in scenarios involving mode hybridization and perturbation.