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Artificial Intelligence in Oral Cancer: A Comprehensive Scoping Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Applications

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posted on 2024-08-11, 09:09 authored by Dr. Vineet VinayDr. Vineet Vinay

Background and Rationale

  • Background: Oral cancer is a significant global health concern, with high mortality rates often due to late-stage diagnosis. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have shown promise in improving early diagnosis and prognosis. A comprehensive review of the existing literature on the role of AI in oral cancer is essential to understand its current state and identify gaps for future research.
  • Rationale: This scoping review aims to systematically map the research conducted on the role of AI in oral cancer diagnosis and prognosis. The review will identify the extent, range, and nature of the research activity, summarize the findings, and identify gaps in knowledge.

Objectives

  • To identify and map the existing research on the use of AI in the diagnosis and prognosis of oral cancer.
  • To categorize the types of AI technologies being used and their reported outcomes.
  • To identify gaps in the current research and suggest areas for future studies.

Review Questions

  • What is the current state of research on AI in oral cancer diagnosis and prognosis?
  • Which AI technologies are being utilized, and what are their reported outcomes?
  • What are the gaps in the literature regarding AI's role in oral cancer?

Eligibility Criteria

  • Inclusion Criteria:
    • Studies focusing on the use of AI in oral cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
    • All study designs, including randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, reviews, and case reports.
    • Publications in English.
    • Studies published within the last 20 years.
  • Exclusion Criteria:
    • Studies focusing on other forms of cancer.
    • Studies not related to the role of AI in diagnosis or prognosis.
    • Non-English publications.

Data Sources and Search Strategy

  • Databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar.
  • Search Terms:
    • “Artificial Intelligence” AND “Oral Cancer” AND “Diagnosis”
    • “AI” AND “Oral Cancer” AND “Prognosis”
    • “Machine Learning” AND “Oral Cancer”
    • “Deep Learning” AND “Oral Cancer”
  • Search Strategy: A comprehensive search strategy will be developed with the help of a librarian. The search will include peer-reviewed articles, conference papers, and grey literature.

Study Selection Process

  • Screening: Two reviewers will independently screen the titles and abstracts of the identified studies. Full-text articles will be obtained for studies that meet the inclusion criteria. Discrepancies will be resolved through discussion or consultation with a third reviewer.
  • Data Extraction: A standardized data extraction form will be developed. Key information to be extracted includes study characteristics, AI technology used, type of oral cancer, diagnostic or prognostic outcomes, and limitations.

Data Analysis and Synthesis

  • Descriptive Analysis: A descriptive analysis will be conducted to summarize the characteristics of the included studies.
  • Categorization: Studies will be categorized based on AI technology, type of cancer, diagnostic/prognostic outcomes, and other relevant factors.
  • Narrative Synthesis: A narrative synthesis will be provided to summarize the findings and highlight the gaps in the literature.

Reporting

  • The review will be reported following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines.
  • A flow diagram will be used to illustrate the study selection process.

Ethics and Dissemination

  • Ethics: As this is a review of published literature, no ethical approval is required.
  • Dissemination: The findings of this scoping review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant conferences.

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