Disseminated TB Causing Lupus Flare - a Management Challenge: A Case Study.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, multisystemic autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of autoantibodies anti-dsDNA and immune complexes, leading to widespread inflammation and tissue damage. Patients with SLE are at an increased risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) due to the inherent immunodeficiency state associated with the disease and the use of immunosuppressive agents for treatment. The diagnosis of TB in SLE patients can be challenging, as the clinical manifestations may mimic disease flares or other opportunistic infections, necessitating a high index of suspicion and comprehensive diagnostic workup. The management of disseminated TB in SLE patients requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving anti-tubercular therapy and careful modulation of immunosuppressive medications. In this case report, we present a case of disseminated TB in a patient with lupus nephritis, highlighting the importance of recognizing and managing this potentially life-threatening complication in patients with underlying autoimmune disorders and emphasizing the need for early diagnosis and appropriate management strategies.