The US-China Rivalry in the Middle East: A Critical Analysis

The rivalry between the US and China in the Middle East has significant implications for regional and global politics. This region is vital due to its natural resources and strategic location, making it a major source of energy for both countries. They have economic, strategic, and geopolitical interests in the Middle East, including access to oil and gas resources, trade, and alliances with key actors.While the US is more focused on security and defense cooperation, China’s engagement is primarily driven by its desire to secure its economic interests. However, China’s increasing military presence in the region has raised concerns among some US policymakers. Beijing is cautious about its security limitations and avoids picking sides in disputes. The US has close alliances with countries such as Israel, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, while China has been building closer ties with all these countries including Iran. Both countries have invested in infrastructure projects, such as ports and pipelines, to secure their access to trade routes and increase their economic influence in the region. However, China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is viewed as a threat to US interests in the Middle East, particularly in terms of economic competition and the promotion of Chinese influence in the region. The US-China rivalry in the Middle East could exacerbate existing conflicts, lead to a regional arms race, and affect global governance and international institutions. As the competition intensifies, Middle Eastern countries are feeling growing pressure to join the efforts to contain China. To manage this rivalry, dialogue, cooperation, and compromise from all sides are necessary. This paper analyses the factors driving the US-China rivalry in the Middle East and its implications on the region. It examines the economic, political, and strategic interests of both countries, including their relationships with key actors. The paper also assesses the impact of the rivalry on the Middle East’s stability, security, and economic development. Ultimately, policymakers must find ways to minimize destabilizing effects on the region and the world.