Near-Field Immunity Testing of Automotive Electronics to Hand Portable Transmitters: A Mathematical and Physical Framework

<p dir="ltr">This research investigates the near-field immunity testing of automotive electronics to hand portable transmitters. It aims to evaluate how electromagnetic fields from devices like cellular phones and two-way radios affect vehicle electronics. The study uses biconical antennas for controlled near-field exposure and employs Maxwell's equations and near-field antenna theory to model field interactions. Measurements of field strength, induced voltage, and common-mode coupling are taken across multiple frequencies to determine immunity thresholds. The data is analyzed statistically to account for spatial variations and uncertainty. Ethical and legal compliance was ensured through calibrated testing equipment and safety protocols. This research provides a comprehensive framework for enhancing electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) in automotive systems.</p>