Discourse of Social Inequality and Race in Urdu Novelاردو ناول میں سماجی عدم مساوات اور نسل کا کلامیہ

Inequality has many social forms. Economic, religious, ethnic and gender are the general differential phenomena on the basis of which the difference between the benefited and the deprived is found in the society. This difference becomes social when it is aimed at a group of people rather than the individual. Discrimination on the basis of race becomes a social reality when it begins to shape the minds of individuals through discourse. The overview of the capitalist economy of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries India, in this article, is intended to illustrate that discourse formation was influenced by discursive forces. The dominant part in this system was the colonial government which controlled the major part of business and capital. Second, most of the labor market in this system consisted of men. which helps in understanding the forces behind the formation of discourse. With this background, it becomes easy to understand who is getting what position in the discourse of Urdu novel and how this position is directly and indirectly related to the socio-economic structure. The novel had group differences based on the distribution of wealth and access to financial resources, but in the Urdu novelistic discourse, ethnic consciousness is found more than class consciousness. Often writers discriminate between individuals on the basis of ethnicity rather than wealth or poverty. This article using the methods of discourse analysis, traces the order of the discourse and production of discourse through the lens of Urdu novel.