A filosofia no divã: as contribuições da psicanálise para a superação do solipsismo filosófico pela filosofia da linguagem

This paper aims to show how the highlights given to the unconscious by psychoanalysis

studies at the beginning of the 20th century helped contemporary language philosophers to conceive a new matrix of language not considered before. We argue that this new matrix, the ontological function, has enabled a more efficient answer by contemporary language philosophers to the old problem of solipsism. For propaedeutic purposes of the central thesis, a new characterization of the concept and experience of language is proposed, based on its four functions: representative, communicative, existential, and ontological. We argue that the fourth function reflects a shift, within the philosophy of language, from the focus that was previously given to subjectivity to an intersubjectivity, endowed with an ontological status capable of defining the subjectivities and roles of subjects inserted in the social order.