Single WSC favorable allele contributed to significantly higher 1000-grain weight (TGW).

Bars indicate 2×SE. WSC corresponding to Xbarc181–1B, Xgwm261–2D and Xgwm149–4B represent WSC at the mid-grain filling under CK-DS, KI-DS and KI-DS, respectively; WSC corresponding to Xgwm148–2B and Xgwm358–5D represent WSC at flowering under CK-WW. TGW was measured at maturity. *, ** indicate significance at P = 0.05 and P = 0.01, respectively.