Plots through time of NeT (estimated from genetic data using the Bayesian skyline plot) versus N (estimated from surveillance data using back calculation).

The plot of N is drawn by means of locally weighted smoothing on the scatter plot (lowess) of the estimated N. We have truncated the plots after 1990 as we wish to characterise HCV transmission prior the virus' discovery in 1989. The vertical axes of the plots through time of NeT N for each HCV subtype (B) have been scaled between maximum and minimum values.