Mitochondrial membrane potential.

(A) Representative mitochondrial transmembrane potential trace, (M) mitochondria (100μg protein) from normal rat retina were incubated at 30°C, in IM, monitoring the Safranine O fluorescence. The ∆ψ was dissipated by the addition of 5μM CCCP, as described in Methods. (B) ∆ψ from normal and diabetic (7, 20, 45 days) rat retinas. Values are the mean ± SEM from at least four separated experiments.* p< 0.5, ** p< 0.05.