Mean number of whitefly killed by parasitoids via parasitism, host-feeding, and both parasitism and host-feeding when Eretmocerushayati was introduced into the leaf cage first.
A: under the rich host resource condition; B: under the limited host resource condition. An area of 3.5 cm2 of a leaf on a potted tomato plant was covered by a clip cage. H, H/S, H1/H2 and H1/H1 represented the four treatments: Er. hayati was introduced into the leaf cage alone for 24 h (with no subsequent parasitoid female introduced), followed by a heterospecific female (En. sophia) for another 24 h, followed by a conspecific female (Er. hayati) for another 24 h and followed by itself for another 24h, respectively. Sample sizes of treatments H, H/S, H1/H2 and H1/H1 are 40, 22, 22, 30 and 40, 20, 20, 20 under the rich and limited host resource condition, respectively. Bar heads with different lowercase letters in each cluster indicate significant differences in number of hosts killed among different treatments (multiple comparison procedure based on the Tukey test after the Kruskal-Wallis test, P < 0.05); no significant difference was found in parasitism under the rich host resource condition (Kruskal-Wallis test, χ2 = 6.92, df = 3, P = 0.074).
