Inhibition of the HDAC activity by acetate, propionate, and butyrate.

Chicken HD11 cells were incubated in duplicate with or without three SCFAs in the presence of Fluor-de-Lys®, a fluorogenic, cell-permeable HDAC substrate for 4 h. The deacetylation reaction was stopped and the fluorescent signal was generated by addition of a developer solution containing trichostatin A and NP-40. Fluorescence was monitored at 360 nm excitation and 460 nm emission. HDAC inhibition by SCFAs was calculated relative to the cells without being exposed to any HDAC inhibitor. Data shown are means ± standard errors. The bars without common superscript letters denote significance (P<0.05 by unpaired Student’s t-test).