Growth of A. actinomycetemcomitans, A. actinomycetemcomitans lctD^-, and S. gordonii in aerobic and anaerobic co-cultures.

Strains were grown as mono- or co-cultures in 3 mM glucose aerobically or anaerobically for 10 or 12 h respectively, serially diluted and plated on selective media to determine colony forming units per ml (CFU/ml). A. actinomycetemcomitans mono-culture strains are black bars and co-culture with S. gordonii are white bars. Error bars represent 1 standard error of the mean, n = 3.