Chronogram of the Gentianales resulting from the combined analysis and calibrated against the geologic time scale [71].

Nodes are numbered from 42 to 112 and detailed results (mean divergence time and credibility intervals estimated by the 95% HPD) for each node is reported in the (S2 Table). Credibility intervals resulting from the combined analysis are indicated in the figure by blue bars. Credibility intervals resulting from the separate analysis of the Gentianales (Fig 2) are included also in this figure and indicated by red bars. This provide a visualization of the differences in age estimates resulting from the two analyses. Nodes with small black bullets are well supported in the phylogenetic analyses (BPP equal to or greater than 0.95). Fossil based age estimates that were used in the analyses as minimum age constraints are indicated by thick black bars (see Table 2 for details). The three subfamilies Rubioideae, Cinchonoideae and Ixoroideae, and the Psychotrieae, Spermacoceae, Vanguerieae, and Coffeeae alliances are indicated in the tree. Current tribal assignment of each included taxa is indicated to the right of the taxon names.