Representative examples of adipocyte mitochondria in cows

<p dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-12910-x" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">Representative examples of adipocyte mitochondria in cows</a>. (<b>a</b>) Adipocyte mitochondria examples from the perirenal region of the cachectic group (TEM, scale 0.5 μm). (<b>b</b>) Adipocyte mitochondria examples from subcutaneous flank region of the cachectic group are shown below panel (a) (TEM, scale 0.5 μm). (<b>c</b>) Adipocyte mitochondria examples from subcutaneous flank region of the normal weight group (TEM, scale 1 μm), and (<b>d</b>) below this panel are some examples of mitochondria from the perirenal region of the normal weight group (TEM, scale 0.5 μm). (<b>e</b>) Adipocyte mitochondria examples in the overweight group. The first panel shows examples of mitochondria in the subcutaneous flank region (TEM, scale 0.5 μm), whereas (<b>f</b>) the panel below the first shows mitochondria from the perirenal region (TEM, scale 2 μm). The white arrows point to the mitochondria in the picture. Please note that the magnification of the image areas in panels (b) and (f) is only a close-up for detailed inspection. The anatomical location where the adipose tissue was sampled is represented on the cow drawings, where the triangle shows the perirenal region (B) and the star indicates the subcutaneous flank region (A). In order to represent the classification process, the <i>Body Condition Score</i> (BCS) scale and the group range (G) on that scale are positioned in front of each cow drawing. Note: In transmission electron microscopy, lipid droplets appear as large, electron-lucent (light) areas occupying most of the adipocyte volume. The cellular cytoplasm and mitochondria are confined to the peripheral rim. These “empty” regions correspond to the internal space of the lipid droplet. Also, the micrographs were selected for image clarity and structural detail, not for direct size comparison. All morphometric analyses were conducted using calibrated image analysis software, which accounts for magnification differences automatically. Panels (a) and (b) are illustrative examples of mitochondrial morphology and are not meant for visual size comparison. All measurements reported in the Results were performed using calibrated image datasets and are independent of figure display scale.</p><p dir="ltr"><b>References</b></p><p dir="ltr">Elvira Gagniuc, Adina-Mihaela Pîrvu, Dumitru-Iulian Nastac, <b>Paul A. Gagniuc</b>, Mihaela Gherghiceanu & Manuella Militaru. <i>Adipocyte mitochondria in dairy cows reveals constraints in growth and signals adaptive metabolic responses</i>. Sci Rep 15, 29705 (2025).</p>