RC circuit simulations.

A: Simulated voltage and current dipole waveforms are shown for two exemplar parameter configurations with latency between positive I₊ and negative I₋ square current injections, Δt = 0 (blue), and Δt ≠ 0 (orange). An example of the original “Raw” waveform (top), as well as the PCA transformed waveform (bottom) with the first 30 components (PCA30) are shown to demonstrate that this summary statistic retains almost identical information. B: Posterior distributions showing the inferred values that can generate the blue and orange waveforms from panel A (PCA30 used to generate distributions) demonstrate that when the latency Δt between the inputs is zero, their amplitudes are indeterminate as visible as a highly dispersed distribution on panels B(a-c, blue), and with a positive correlation between the parameters I₊ and I₋ on panel B(b, blue). In contrast, when Δt ≠ 0 (orange), the distributions are tightly concentrated around the ground truth parameters (stars on panels B(a,c)) used to generate each simulation. The posterior distributions for the parameter Δt are concentrated around the ground truth parameters for both conditions (panel B(f)). C: Schematic of how RC circuit is driven by positive I₊ and negative I₋ square current injections, where the amplitude and latency Δt between pulses serve as parameters. This simulation parallels HNN simulations below in which a single excitatory proximal/distal input with variable synaptic conductances and latencies produce positive/negative deflections in the current dipole.