No changes in the emphysematous parameters in Mal−/− mice.
(A) Representative methylene blue stained cross-sections and (B) representative H&E stained cross-sections of lungs from Mal+/+ (+/+) and Mal−/− mice aged 6 months. Scale bars = 100 µm (C) Lung volume per body weight of +/+ and Mal−/− mice (D) Static compliance of 6 month old +/+ and Mal−/− mice was assessed by flexiVent lung function analysis. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM, n = at least 3 mice per genotype. *P<0.05 versus age-matched +/+ mice. (E) Q-PCR expression analyses of Mal was performed on lung cDNA from 6 month old +/+ and Tlr4−/− mice. Expression data are shown from n = 4 per genotype per following normalization for 18S expression, and are presented as mean ± SEM from triplicate analysis. (F) Q-PCR expression analysis of MAL was performed on human lung cDNA from emphysema (Emp) patients (n = 14) or emphysema-free (Ctl) individuals (n = 9). Expression data are shown following normalization for 18S expression, and are presented from triplicate analysis as the mean ± SEM.