Leaf and stem traits of Rhus typhina and Vitex negundo var. heterophylla with different watering and cultivation treatments.

C_total Total chlorophyll content, LMA Specific leaf weight, γ The ratio of square of leaf perimeter to leaf area, ρ_stem Stem specific density. The different lower case letters indicate significant differences between the treatments for each species and ns indicates no significant treatment effects (P ≤ 0.05, Tukey’s test). Bars are means ± SE (n = 5 for C_total, n = 10 for LMA and γ, and n = 6–10 for ρ_stem).