Based on Landsat TM/OLI remote sensing images covering Maqu County in 1986, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020 for landscape information extraction, with a spatial resolution of 30 m. Data from 1986 to 2010 were obtained from Landsat 5, and the remaining data were obtained from Landsat 8. Each phase consisted of four scenes, with path/row numbers of 131/036, 131/037, 132/036, and 132/037.