Humanized NSGS mice have more functional immune systems than humanized NSG mice.

A) FACS analysis showing the average population distribution for the indicated marker combinations at 15 weeks of engraftment. B) Representative flow plots. C) IgD/IgM/IgG surface expression was measured on B cells from spleens at 15 weeks. D) Serum from long term engrafted mice (15–16 weeks) was tested for the presence of human IgG and IgM. E) Mice immunized three times with a toxoplasma extract were challenged with a final injection of extract or PBS into the footpads. Swelling was measured 24 hours later and thickness of the PBS-injected footpad was subtracted from the thickness of the extract-injected footpad. F) Splenic cell isolates from these mice were subjected to STAg extract or PBS in vitro and the media was tested for release of IFNy. G) Serum from the mice was tested for toxoplasma specific IgG and IgM antibodies by ELISA assays. Asterisks indicate p value less than 0.05 by Student’s T Test or paired T Test (panel D, F).