Histogram with outlier box plot of Pearl’s epidemicity index I₅ with fit to the estimated lognormal distributions of

Table 7using the means of the selected predictors.Note: The solid line corresponds to the estimated distribution including the all-causes death rate and the dashed line excluding it. The bracket outside the outlier box identifies the shortest half or the smallest interval with 50% of the observations, and the confidence diamond inside contains the mean with its the lower and upper 95% confidence limits.