HSV-1 gG positive cells in NVU-on-a-chip

We developed a new 3D human neurovascular unit (NVU) model in vitro that allows to probe the neuropathogenesis and therapeutics of HSV-1 associated encephalitis. This NVU model was established by co-culturing human microvascular endothelial cells, astrocytes, microglia and neurons in a 3D microenvironment on chip designed with multiple compartments and functional regions. Upon HSV-1 infection, this NVU model exhibited representative HSE-associated pathological changes. Following HSV-1 infection, the infected cells for microglia, astrocytes/neurons, and HBMECs were determined at 3, 5, or 7 dpi. Viral gG protein (red) was detected via immunofluorescence, and cell nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue).