Filtration tests for As (III) removal: flow rates, removal rates and recycling test.

(A) Flow rates with and without a rate controller as functions of the channel width. (B) Removal rates with the model contaminated water flowing through our 3D, printed adsorptive filters. In the experiment, 500 mL of water with an arsenic concentration of 20 mg/L was used. (C) Removal rates of recycled filters. A filter with a channel width of 0.8 mm was used, and a total of 15 mL of solution with an arsenic concentration of 20 mg/L was used. The filter with a channel width of 0.8 mm was tested using 15 mL of model contaminated water with an As (III) initial concentration of 20 mg/L.