Calcium activities of motoneurons and the two-node negative feedback loop to generate oscillation.

<p>(A) Worms bent to the dorsal are seen on the left. The calcium activities of VB7 and DB5 are shown in the middle, with their cross-correlation on the right. Error bars mean SEM (n = 10). (B) Worms bent to the ventral are on the left. The calcium activities of VB7 and DB5 are shown in the middle, with their cross-correlation shown on the right. Error bars are SEM (n = 10). (C) On the left is the paralyzed worm with green, fluorescent neurons. The calcium activities of all VB and DB motoneurons are shown in the middle and right, respectively. Error bars represent SEM (n = 29 and n = 17). (D) One muscle and one motoneuron (SMD or B-type motoneuron) make up the negative feedback loop. (<b>E</b>) the optimization process of the EA. (F) Membrane potentials of motoneuron, and muscle, muscle deformation are in oscillatory styles.</p>