<b>Figure. 4. Harnessing Advanced Analytical Technologies for Efficient Natural Product Discovery and Biosynthetic Characterization</b>:

<p dir="ltr"><b>Figure. 4. Harnessing Advanced Analytical Technologies for Efficient Natural Product Discovery and Biosynthetic Characterization</b>: The application of advanced analytical technologies, such as liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LCQ-TOF–MS), in modern natural product (NP)-based drug discovery. In one example, 234 bacterial extracts were subjected to image-based phenotypic bioactivity screening and LC-HRMS metabolomics, with data clustering enabling the prioritization of extracts, leading to the discovery of quinocinnolinomycins (a-d). Another approach involved heterologous expression of fungal artificial chromosomes (FACs) containing uncharacterized biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) from diverse fungal species in <i>Aspergillus nidulans</i>, followed by untargeted LC-HRMS analysis. Using the FAC-Score algorithm to analyze metabolomics data, researchers simultaneously discovered 15 new natural products and characterized their corresponding BGCs. These examples highlight the integration of advanced metabolomics, phenotypic screening, and heterologous gene expression for efficient discovery of novel NPs and their biosynthetic pathways (Foito and Stewart, 2018).</p><p><br></p>