<b>Construction of a Reward and Punishment Management Model for Scientific Research Confidentiality in Chinese Universities: Insights from Deterrence Theory and Behavior Modification Theory</b> dataset

<p dir="ltr"><b>Objective</b><b>: </b>To construct a management model of reward and punishment for scientific research confidentiality within universities, thereby providing Chinese higher education institutions with a systematic reference for improving confidentiality governance and facilitating effective compliance among academic staff.</p><p dir="ltr"><b>Method</b><b>s:</b> A three-member research team was establishedto develop a questionnaire on the reward and punishment indicators for scientific research confidentiality in colleges and universities, drawing upon deterrence theory and behavior modification theory. Fifteen experts were recruited and consulted via the Delphi method. Indicators were retained or excluded according to their scores and comments. After the second round, all indicators satisfied the preset criteria and consensus was achieved, terminating the process. The item scores from this final round were then entered into the Analytic Hierarchy Process to derive indicator weights and construct the model.</p>