Wuxie National Park WNP-01 Monitoring Station: Hydrology, Precipitation, and Soil Property Dataset
Wuxie National Park (WNP) is a 7.3-km2 watershed located in Zhuji City, Zhejiang Province, east China, where a severe clustered landslide event occurred in 2021. Since then, some hydrologists and geologists have focused on this geodisaster-prone area and conducted preliminary field investigations. In 2023, we established the WNP-01 monitoring station at WNP, located 6 meters from a fresh landslide scar on an E-SE facing slope with a mean gradient of 40° (29°43′05′′N, 120°01′25′′E), to study hydrologic processes in this stony-soil landscape. WNP-01 station has been collecting measurements of precipitation, soil moisture, and pore pressure, with these data maintained and archived by Zhejiang University.
This data publication includes: 1) soil volumetric water content values (m3 m-3) at 0.1, 0.25, 0.4, 0.55, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.1 m soil depth, with each measurement probe assigned an index (1-7) to indicate its corresponding depth; 2) pore water pressure (kPa) at 1.1-m depth bedrock interface; 3) half-hourly precipitation (mm); and 4) soil properties at seven distinct depths (0.1, 0.25, 0.4, 0.55, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.1 m) in measurement pit. Measurements were made using moisture probes (CSF 13; Star Meter Ltd.; resolution: 0.001 m³ m⁻³; accuracy: ± 0.02 m³ m⁻³), SCYG319 piezoresistive pressure sensors (Star Meter Ltd.; range: 0-10 kPa; accuracy: ± 0.1% F.S.), and HOBO RG3-M rain gauges (Onset Computer Corp.). Observations started on October 1, 2023, and extend to November 5, 2024.
WNP is dissected by numerous small faults, underlain by fractured Jurassic volcanic lava and pyroclastic rocks and covered by a mixed forest of Phyllostachys edulis and Liquidambar formosana. The shallow (typically 0.5 to 2m) and highly fragmented colluvial soil cover creates a fragile hydrogeologic environment, where thousands of geodisasters have occurred during extreme weather events.
