Source data.xlsx
Conventional battery electrodes have high tortuosity, which severely impedes ion transport. This limitation restricts electrode thickness, decreases power density, and shortens battery lifetime. Fabricating through holes can reduce tortuosity, but existing methods are generally complex and lead to poor space utilization. Here, an array of high-density through-holes are fabricated by temporally shaped ultraviolet femtosecond laser. Using this technique, we achieve a 47:1 aspect ratio (6 μm in diameter), ensuring minimal material loss (< 1%) for 280 μm-thick electrodes. The through-hole array reduces the tortuosity of thick electrodes by 22.9%-33.4%, thereby boosting the gravimetric energy density of batteries by 9.39%, 12.27%, and 17.39% at 1 C, 1.5 C, and 2 C, respectively. It can also increase the power density by 100% - 400%, and double the cycling lifetime. This work demonstrates an effective approach for fabricating low-tortuosity electrodes, which can significantly enhance the comprehensive performance of batteries