The road data was sourced from the OpenStreetMap (OSM) database, which was calculated using the zoning statistics tool in ArcGIS. Demographic and socio-economic data were provided by China Population Census (2010/2020) and China County Statistical Yearbook (2011/2021) (http://data.cnki.net).
Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52078479)