The data for this study originated from the online forum “Underperforming Arguments” within Douban (https://www.douban.com/group/634971/), a Chinese social network and cultural community. Data scraping was then performed using the Google Chrome extension Web Scraper, resulting in a total of 812 posts that formed the initial dataset. To ensure the dataset’s relevance and quality, a rigorous preprocessing resulted in a final dataset of 606 posts that met the specified criteria.