DataSheet1_A nitrogen-doped graphene-supported nickel-single-atom catalyst in the flow cell meets the industrial criteria of carbon dioxide reduction reaction to carbon monoxide.docx

Carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO₂RR) is a promising approach to accomplishing net zero CO₂ emissions. Among CO₂RR catalysts, nitrogen-doped graphene-supported single-atom catalysts show a remarkable conversion rate from CO₂ to CO; however, the low production amount has been limited using the conversion H cell, hindering its industrial development. In this work, we synthesize a nitrogen-doped graphene-supported nickel-single-atom catalyst and conduct CO₂RR in a flow cell, exhibiting a CO₂-to-CO Faradaic efficiency of 96% and a partial current density of 144 mA cm⁻². It can also achieve the highest partial current density of 204 mA cm⁻² with a turnover frequency of 7,852 h⁻¹. According to the techno-economic analysis, these preeminent activities meet the industrial criteria (Faradaic efficiency >60% and partial current density >100 mA cm⁻²). This activity enhancement using a flow system can significantly accelerate net-zero CO₂ emission realization.