Quantitative Assume Guarantee Synthesis

In assume-guarantee synthesis, we are given a specification hA, Gi, describing an assumption on the environment and a guarantee for the system, and we construct a system that interacts with an environment and is guaranteed to satisfy G whenever the environment satisfies A. While assume-guarantee synthesis is 2EXPTIME-complete for specifications in LTL, researchers have identified the GR(1) fragment of LTL, which supports assume-guarantee reasoning and for which synthesis has an efficient symbolic solution. In recent years we see a transition to quantitative synthesis, in which the specification formalism is multi-valued and the goal is to generate high-quality systems, namely ones that maximize the satisfaction value of the specification. We study quantitative assume-guarantee synthesis. We start with specifications in LTL[F], an extension of LTL by quality operators. The satisfaction value of an LTL[F] formula is a real value in [0, 1], where the higher the value is, the higher is the quality in which the computation satisfies the specification. We define the quantitative extension GR(1)[F] of GR(1). We show that the implication relation, which is at the heart of assume-guarantee reasoning, has two natural semantics in the quantitative setting. Indeed, in addition to max{1 − A, G}, which is the multi-valued counterpart of Boolean implication, there are settings in which maximizing the ratio G/A is more appropriate. We show that GR(1)[F] formulas in both semantics are hard to synthesize. Still, in the implication semantics, we can reduce GR(1)[F] synthesis to GR(1) synthesis and apply its efficient symbolic algorithm. For the ratio semantics, we present a sound approximation, which can also be solved efficiently. Our experimental results show that our approach can successfully synthesize GR(1)[F] specifications with over a million of concrete states.