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Efficacy and safety of nafamostat mesilate anticoagulation in blood purification treatment of critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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posted on 2022-08-05, 15:40 authored by Yao Lin, Yiming Shao, Yuchun Liu, Ruoxuan Yang, Shuanglin Liao, Shuai Yang, Mingwei Xu, Junbing He

Nafamostat mesilate (NM), a broad-spectrum and potent serine protease inhibitor, can be used as an anticoagulant during extracorporeal circulation, as well as a promising drug effective against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a systematic meta-analysis to evaluate the safety and efficacy of NM administration in critically ill patients who underwent blood purification therapy (BPT).

The Cochrane Library, Web of Science and PubMed were comprehensively searched from inception to August 20, 2021, for potential studies.

Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and seven observational studies with 2723 patients met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis demonstrated that conventional therapy (CT) significantly increased hospital mortality compared with NM administration (RR = 1.25, p = 0.0007). In subgroup analyses, the in-hospital mortality of the NM group was significantly lower than that of the anticoagulant-free (NA) group (RR = 1.31, p = 0.002). The CT interventions markedly elevated the risk ratio of bleeding complications by 45% (RR = 1.45, p = 0.010) compared with NM interventions. In another subgroup analysis, NM used exhibited a significantly lower risk of bleeding complications than those of the low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) used (RR = 4.58, p = 0.020). The filter lifespan was decreased significantly (MD = −10.59, p < 0.0001) in the NA groups compared with the NM groups. Due to the poor quality of the included RCTs, these results should be interpreted with caution.

Given the better survival outcomes, lower risk of bleeding, NM anticoagulation seems to be a safe and efficient approach for BPT patients and could yield a favorable filter lifespan. More multi-center RCTs with large samples are required for further validation of this study.

Funding

This work was supported by the Guangdong Province Science and Technology Special Fund of Major Projects and Task List in Jieyang City (xgfy021), the Novel Coronavirus Infection Prevention technology and product project of Zhanjiang City (2020E01007), and the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2020A1515010109, 2021A1515010871).

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