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Regional premature annual deaths from anthropogenic outdoor air pollution (2000–1850), for ozone (respiratory) and PM2.5 calculated as a sum of species (CPD + LC), shown for the mean and full range across 14 models for ozone and 6 models for PM2.5 (3 significant figures shown)

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posted on 2013-07-11, 00:00 authored by Raquel A Silva, Greg Faluvegi, Stig Dalsoren, William J Collins, Drew T Shindell, Jean-François Lamarque, Susan C Anenberg, Yuqiang Zhang, J Jason West, Gerd Folberth

Table 1.  Regional premature annual deaths from anthropogenic outdoor air pollution (2000–1850), for ozone (respiratory) and PM2.5 calculated as a sum of species (CPD + LC), shown for the mean and full range across 14 models for ozone and 6 models for PM2.5 (3 significant figures shown). Also shown are deaths per million people (present-day exposed population aged 30 and over) in each region, in parenthesis.

Abstract

Increased concentrations of ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) since preindustrial times reflect increased emissions, but also contributions of past climate change. Here we use modeled concentrations from an ensemble of chemistry–climate models to estimate the global burden of anthropogenic outdoor air pollution on present-day premature human mortality, and the component of that burden attributable to past climate change. Using simulated concentrations for 2000 and 1850 and concentration–response functions (CRFs), we estimate that, at present, 470 000 (95% confidence interval, 140 000 to 900 000) premature respiratory deaths are associated globally and annually with anthropogenic ozone, and 2.1 (1.3 to 3.0) million deaths with anthropogenic PM2.5-related cardiopulmonary diseases (93%) and lung cancer (7%). These estimates are smaller than ones from previous studies because we use modeled 1850 air pollution rather than a counterfactual low concentration, and because of different emissions. Uncertainty in CRFs contributes more to overall uncertainty than the spread of model results. Mortality attributed to the effects of past climate change on air quality is considerably smaller than the global burden: 1500 (−20 000 to 27 000) deaths yr−1 due to ozone and 2200 (−350 000 to 140 000) due to PM2.5. The small multi-model means are coincidental, as there are larger ranges of results for individual models, reflected in the large uncertainties, with some models suggesting that past climate change has reduced air pollution mortality.

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    Environmental Research Letters

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