The effect of fiber-direction-dependent weights.

We specified horizontal (B), vertical (C), and 45°-slanted (D) fiber orientation in a thick -sheet model (100 mm×100 mm×20 mm) (A). We then fixed the top regions and observed the resting shapes in a gravity field without activation. The resting shapes (B–D) show that the model is stiffer in the fiber direction than in the perpendicular direction. We specified gravity acceleration as 9.8 m/s², time step h = 0.005 s, and stiffness iteration M = 3. Note that we used small stiffness value so as to observe large deformations.