Phylogenetic network of haplogroup A2 mtDNA sequences from El Salvador.

Only the variation contained in the HVS-I segment (range 16090–16365) was used. Positions are referred to the rCRS minus 16000; a transversion is specifically indicated as a suffix. The areas of the circles are proportional to the number of individuals bearing the corresponding haplotype in the El Salvador sample. The histograms indicate the frequency of the El Salvadorian mtDNA founder clusters in other continental regions (North, Meso, and South America). To compute the TMRCA and founder ages, we resolved the network to a tree (shown by the bold connections between haplotypes), using the positional mutation rates reported in [21]. Resolved parallel mutations are shown underlined. The ancestral haplotype is indicated by a hash.