Expression profile of Smad 7, NFkB, IL1B and gastrin in H. pylori infected duodenal ulcer patients (HP+U+) and asymptomatic individuals (HP+U−).

(A) Smad 7 expression is significantly lower in H. pylori infected duodenal ulcer patients (HP+U+) compared to infected asymptomatic individuals (HP+U−): RNA was extracted from gut biopsy samples of H. pylori infected duodenal ulcer patients (HP+U+ = 12) and H. pylori infected asymptomatic individuals (HP+U− = 8). Real time PCR analysis for Smad 7 mRNA was performed from cDNA prepared from those samples. Beta-actin was taken as endogenous control. The mean relative quantification value from each of the group is represented in the graph. (B) NFkB expression is significantly lower HP+U+ group compared to HP+U-: Gut biopsy samples from both the groups were homogenized and lysed for immuno blot with NFKB p50 antibody. Beta-actin was used as input control. Bradford assay was used to quantify the protein and 50 µg was loaded in each well. The mean normalized value from each of the group is represented in the graph. (C) IL1B expression is significantly lower in HP+U+ group compared to HP+U−: RNA was extracted from gut biopsy samples of both the groups. Real time PCR analysis for IL1B was performed from cDNA prepared from those samples. Beta-actin was taken as the endogenous control. The mean relative quantification value from each of the group is represented in the graph. (D) Gastrin expression is moderately higher in HP+U+ group compared to HP+U−: Samples were homogenized and lysed to measure Gastrin-17 levels by ELISA. Bradford assay was used to quantify the protein. The normalized mean value obtained from each group is graphically plotted.