Effect of rC-DSP on cell differentiation and biomineralization.

For differentiation assay, the cells were treated with rC-DSP or without rC-DSP (con) for 7 days, ALP activity was determined as described under “Materials and Methods”. (A). The cells were fixed and stained for ALP activity. (B). Data were means ± S.D. (n=3) from three independent experiments. There were significantly different between rC-DSP treated groups and rC-DSP untreated groups (*p<0.05). (C). For cell biomineralization, the cells were maintained in the same condition for 21 days. PDL and PDLSC cells were fixed and stained for Alizarin S Red. (D). Calcium deposits were determined by Osteogenesis Assay kit described in “Materials and Methods”. Data represent mean ± S.D. in triplicate from three independent experiments. Con, control.