Effect of HA on 3-D tumor tissue formation.

(A) Quantification of DNA indicates enhanced proliferation of MDA-MB231 cells within mineralized scaffolds as compared to non-mineralized scaffolds. (B) Analysis of von Kossa stained histological cross-sections revealed that 5 days after seeding, coherent tissue begins to form in mineralized scaffolds but not non-mineralized scaffolds (MDA-MB-231 cells stained red, HA stained black). Scale bars represent 50 µm. (C) Live and dead staining with calcein (green) and propidium iodide (red), respectively, shows increased cell number and tissue formation into pores of mineralized scaffolds relative to control scaffolds. White scale bars represent 100 µm.