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Differences in GHG emissions levels by 2050 across yield scenarios and regions (a) and productivity pathways by scenario at world level (b) with respect to the baseline ('TREND')

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posted on 2013-07-16, 00:00 authored by H Valin, P Havlík, A Mosnier, M Herrero, E Schmid, M Obersteiner

Figure 3. Differences in GHG emissions levels by 2050 across yield scenarios and regions (a) and productivity pathways by scenario at world level (b) with respect to the baseline ('TREND'). Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals for the total of our emissions sources (see SI available at stacks.iop.org/ERL/8/035019/mmedia). Region definition: DEVD  =North America, Oceania and Western Europe; REUR  =Eastern Europe and Former USSR; ASIA  =South-East, East Asia; LAM  =Latin America; WRLD  =  World. Land use change annual emissions are calculated as an average over the simulation period.

Abstract

In this letter, we investigate the effects of crop yield and livestock feed efficiency scenarios on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture and land use change in developing countries. We analyze mitigation associated with different productivity pathways using the global partial equilibrium model GLOBIOM. Our results confirm that yield increase could mitigate some agriculture-related emissions growth over the next decades. Closing yield gaps by 50% for crops and 25% for livestock by 2050 would decrease agriculture and land use change emissions by 8% overall, and by 12% per calorie produced. However, the outcome is sensitive to the technological path and which factor benefits from productivity gains: sustainable land intensification would increase GHG savings by one-third when compared with a fertilizer intensive pathway. Reaching higher yield through total factor productivity gains would be more efficient on the food supply side but halve emissions savings due to a strong rebound effect on the demand side. Improvement in the crop or livestock sector would have different implications: crop yield increase would bring the largest food provision benefits, whereas livestock productivity gains would allow the greatest reductions in GHG emission. Combining productivity increases in the two sectors appears to be the most efficient way to exploit mitigation and food security co-benefits.

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