Coronal section through the telencephalon of the Green-backed Firecrown hummingbird showing the Hippocampal formation (i.e., hippocampus and area parahippocampalis (APH)) in the medial-dorsal aspect.

Scale bar: 1000 microns (a). (b) The HF is significantly larger in females (13.96±0.81 mm³, mean ± se) than males (12.04±0.8) respect to the telencephalon volume (121.31±8.30, 117.81±5.36, respectively). Please note the statistical analysis was performed using telencephalon volume as a covariable [36]. Data are presented as mean ± SE. * p<0.05.