Zero-Dimensional Methylammonium Bismuth Iodide-Based Lead-Free Perovskite Capacitor

Symmetrical electrochemical capacitors are attracting immense attention because of their fast charging–discharging ability, high energy density, and low cost of production. The current research in this area is mainly focused on exploring novel low-cost electrode materials with higher energy and power densities. In the present work, we fabricated an electrochemical double-layer capacitor using methylammonium bismuth iodide (CH₃NH₃)₃Bi₂I₉, a lead-free, zero-dimensional hybrid perovskite material. A maximum areal capacitance of 5.5 mF/cm² was obtained, and the device retained 84.8% of its initial maximum capacitance even after 10 000 charge–discharge cycles. Impedance spectroscopy measurements revealed that the active layer provides a high surface area for the electrolyte to access. As a result, the charge transport resistance is reasonably low, which is advantageous for delivering excellent performance.